![]() ![]() Hence, as a regular user, you need to use the sudo command to install the program on your machine as follows: sudo apt install wget To be able to install this utility on the system, you need root level privileges. For example, the utility wget is useful for scripting the download of web files. Similar to a user with administrator privileges on a standard PC.īecause the root user has such power, in most Linux installations root has no password, and instead regular users become root temporarily by running the program sudo. While most users have rather limited permissions to access their own files and run applications, root is a user who has the ability to do practically anything, including installing systems software and granting and revoking permissions for other users. You can check what your current username is at any time using the whoami command. The user name is usually reflected in the path of their home directories, and shows up in many Linux commands to identify who is running a process or who has access to files. Users on a Linux system have unique user names that identify them from other users. Another user on that computer, that is, including the supreme superuser who has permissions to do anything, whose name is "root". The details of su is covered in su command.Everyone who creates a machine or a cluster in RONIN has a superpower: the ability to become somebody else. Here are 2 examples: admin ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWORD:ALL robin servername=(root) /etc/init.d/apps The su commandĪnother way to switch user is to use su command. The format is like user host=(users) commands There are many options to the sudoers file, but the most simple format and one that you will see quite often is a line that gives a specific user a set of commands that he or she can run. The sudoers file contains a list of users, and what commands that those users can run and as what users those commands can be run as. This means that you need to switch to the root account, for example: su root visudo or run sudo visudo as your own account. The visudo command has to be executed with approved priviledges. It effectively starts the vi editor and edits as the /etc/sudoers file. If you need to modify the sudo configuration, use the command visudo. Running as user: nikki Example 4: Change to root account To run a command as the other user: $ sudo -u nikki /etc/nikkiapp/bin/start Mongodb started Example 3: Run a command as the other user Run a command with sudo $ sudo /etc/mongodb start In this case, user robin can run any command. User robin may run the following commands on robin-ThinkPad-T410: Secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin Matching Defaults entries for robin on robin-ThinkPad-T410: ![]() You can run the following to see what command can be run with sudo: $ sudo -l CommandsĮxamples Example 1: What command to run with sudo. You can specify a user with the -u option. If you run sudo -s that will start a shell as root. Switch to the username's account with the username's environment.Īnother way to switch to another account with sudo is to use the -s option. Switch to the superuser account with root's environment. The sudo su - username would switch to that username's account with an environment that you would expect to see when you logged in as that user. You can use sudo su - to switch to the superuser account with root's environment. You can use sudo su to switch to the superuser account. However, if you want to run a command as another user, you need to specify that with -u. You can specify a user with -u, for example sudo -u root command is the same as sudo command. To run a command as the root user, use sudo command. To see the commands that are available for you to run with sudo, use sudo -l. Of course, on your personal system, you have access to the root account, and you are effectively the system administrator as well. The sudo configuration is typically controlled by the system administrator and requires root access to change. If the sudo configuration permits access, that command is executed. When you execute the sudo command, you are prompted for your password. This could eliminate some issues that arise from using shared passwords in generic accounts. One of the advantages of using sudo over the su command is that you don't need to know the password of the other user. It is commonly used to install, start and stop applications that require root priviledges. ![]() This why sudo is referred to as superuser do. Like su, if no username is specified, it assumes that you were trying to run commands as the superuser. The sudo allows you to run programs with the security priviledges of another user. The sudo - Super User DoĪnother way to switch users or execute commands as others is to use the sudo command. This lesson will cover how to switch to other accounts using sudo command. ![]()
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